.
Books
1. Davies, N.B., Krebs, J.R. & West, S.A. (2011) An Introduction to Behavioural Ecology, Fourth Edition. Wiley-Blackwell.
2.
West, S.A. (2009) Sex Allocation. Princeton University Press (Monographs in Population Biology Series).
Papers
(Click on paper titles to download PDF; email me for preprints of any in press papers) 
  1. Gardner, A., Alpedrinha, J. & West, S.A. (In press) Haplodiploidy and the evolution of eusociality: split sex ratios. American Naturalist.

  2. Leggett, H.C., El Mouden, C., Wild, G. & West, S.A. (In press) Promiscuity and the evolution of cooperative breeding. Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B.
  3. Leggett, H.C., Cornwallis, C. & West, S.A. (In press) Mechanisms of pathogenesis, infective dose and virulence in human pathogens. PLoS Pathogens.
  4. Scott-Phillips, T.C., Blythe, R.A., Gardner, A. & West, S.A. (In press) How do communication systems emerge? Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B.

  5. Verbruggen, E., El Mouden, C., Jansa, J., Akkermans, G., Bücking, H., West, S.A. & Kiers, E.T. (In press) Spatial structure and inter-specific cooperation: theory and an empirical test using the mycorrhizal mutualism. American Naturalist

  6. Abbot et al. (137 authors) (2011) Inclusive fitness theory and eusociality. Nature 471, E1-E4. YouTube Cartoon. {Media}

  7. Biernaskie, J., West, S.A. & Gardner, A. (2011) Are greenbeards intragenomic outlaws? Evolution 65, 2729-2742.
  8. Gardner, A., West, S.A. & Wild, G. (2011) The genetical theory of kin selection. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 24, 1020-1043.
  9. Herre, E.A., Shuker, D.M. & West, S.A. (2011) Social evolution: evolving sex ratios. Current Biology 21, R992-R994.

  10. Innocent, T.M., West, S.A., Sanderson, J.L., Hyrkkanen, N. & Reece, S.E. (2011) Lethal combat over limited resources: testing the importance of competitors and kin. Behavioral Ecology 22, 923-931.
  11. Kiers, E.T., Duhamel, M., Beesetty, Y., Mensah, J.A., Franken, O., Verbruggen, E., Fellbaum, C.R., Kowalchuk, G.A., Hart, M.M., Bago, A., Palmer, T.M., West, S.A., Vandenkoornhuyse, P., Jansa, J. & H. Bücking (2011). Reciprocal rewards stabilize cooperation in the mycorrhizal symbiosis. Science 333, 880-882. Perspective. Media
  12. Pannebakker, B.A., Watt, R., Knott, S.A., West, S.A. & Shuker, D.M. (2011) The quantitative genetic basis of sex ratio variation in Nasonia vitripennis: a QTL study. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 24, 12-22.
  13. Scott-Phillips, T.C., Dickins, T.E. & West, S.A. (2011) Evolutionary theory and the ultimate/proximate distinction in the human behavioural sciences. Perspectives on Psychological Science 61, 38-47. {Media}

  14. West, S.A. (2011) A better view of eras of life. Science 331, 1519.
  15. West, S.A. (2011) Lies we tell ourselves. Nature 478, 314-315.

  16. West, S.A., El Mouden, C. & Gardner, A. (2011) 16 common misconceptions about the evolution of cooperation in humans. Evolution and Human Behavior 32, 231-262. Supplementary Information. {Media}

  17. Wild, G., Pizzari, T. & West, S.A. (2011) Sexual conflict in viscous populations: the effect of the timing of dispersal. Theoretical Population Biology 80, 298-316.

  18. Abe, J., Innocent, T.M., Reece, S.E. & West, S.A. (2010) Virginity and the clutch size behavior of a parasitoid wasp where mothers mate their sons. Behavioral Ecology 21, 730-738.
  19. Burton-Chellew, M.N., Ross-Gillespie, A. & West, S.A. (2010) Cooperation in humans: competition between groups and proximate emotions. Evolution and Human Behavior 31, 104-108.

  20. Cornwallis, C.K., West, S.A., Davies, K.E. & Grifin, A.S. (2010) Promiscuity and the evolutionary transition to complex societies. Nature 466, 969-972. Supplementary Information. News & Views. Faculty of 1000. {Media} Corrections & Updates 
  21. El Mouden, C., West, S.A. & Gardner, A. (2010) The enforcement of cooperation by policing. Evolution 64, 2139-2152.
  22. Gardner, A. & West, S.A. (2010) Greenbeards. Evolution 64, 25-38.
  23. Innocent, T.M., Abe, J., West, S.A. & Reece, S.E. (2010) Competition between relatives and the evolution of dispersal in a parasitoid wasp. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 23, 1374-1385.
  24. Jiricny, N., Diggle, S.P., West, S.A., Evans, B.A., Ballantyne, G., Ross-Gillespie, A. & Griffin, A.S. (2010) Fitness correlates with the extent of cheating in a bacterium. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 23, 738-747.
  25. Kümmerli, R., Burton-Chellew, M.N., Ross-Gillespie, A. & West, S.A. (2010) Resistance to extreme strategies, rather than prosocial preferences, can explain human cooperation in public goods games. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA 107, 10125-10130 . TREE Commentary. {Media}
  26. Kümmerli, R., van den Berg, P., Griffin, A.S., West, S.A. & Gardner, A. (2010) Repression of competition favours cooperation: experimental evidence from bacteria. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 23, 699-706.

  27. Lewis, H.M., Tosh, C.R., O’Keefe, S., Shuker, D.M., West, S.A. & Mayhew, P.M. (2010) Constraints on adaptation: explaining deviation from optimal sex ratio using artificial neural networks. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 23, 1708-1719.
  28. Ross, L., Lagenhof, M.B.W., Pen, I., Beukeboom, I., West, S.A. & Shuker, D.M. (2010) Sex allocation in a species with Paternal Genome Elimination: clarifying the role of crowding and female age in the mealybug Planococcus citri. Evolutionary Ecology Research 12, 89-104.
  29. West, S.A. & Gardner, A. (2010) Altruism, spite and greenbeards. Science 327, 1341-1344.

  30. Wild, G., Gardner, A. & West, S.A. (2010) Multilevel and kin selection in a connected world. Nature 463, E9-E10. This was a reply to the comment by Wade et al.

  31. Abe, J., Kamimura, Y, Shimada, M & West, S.A. (2009) Extremely female biased primary sex ratio and precisely constant male production in a parasitoid wasp Melittobia. Animal Behaviour 78, 515-523.
  32. Brown, S.P., West, S.A., Diggle, S.P. & Griffin, A.S. (2009). Social evolution in microorganisms and a Trojan horse approach to medical intervention strategies. Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society 364, 3157-3168. Journal Cover. Buy the special issue.
  33. Clutton-Brock, T., West, S.A., Ratnieks, F. & Foley, R. The evolution of society. Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society 364, 3127-3133. Journal Cover. Buy the special issue.
  34. Cornwallis, C., West, S.A. & Griffin, A.S. (2009) Routes to indirect fitness in cooperatively breeding vertebrates: kin discrimination and limited dispersal. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22, 2445-2457.
  35. Kümmerli, R., Gardner, A., West, S.A. & Griffin, A.S. (2009) Limited dispersal, budding dispersal, and cooperation: an experimental study. Evolution 63, 939-949. 2009). Indian J Microbiol Commentary.
  36. Kümmerli, R., Griffin, A.S., West, S.A., Buckling, A. & Harrison, F. (2009) Viscous medium promotes cooperation in the pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B 276, 3531-3538. {Media}
  37. Kümmerli, R., Jiricny, N., Clarke, S., West, S.A. & Griffin, A.S. (2009) Phenotypic plasticity of a cooperative behaviour in bacteria. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22, 589-598.
  38. Moore, J.C., Obbard, D.J., Reuter, C., West, S.A. & Cook, J.M. (2009) Male morphology and dishonest signalling in a fig wasp. Animal Behaviour 78, 147-153.
  39. Ross-Gillespie, A., Gardner, A., Buckling, A., West, S.A. & Griffin, A.S. (2009) Density dependence and cooperation: theory and a test with bacteria. Evolution 63, 2315-2325.
  40. Rumbaugh, K.P., Diggle, S.P., Watters, C.M., Ross-Gillespie, A., Griffin, A.S. & West, S.A. (2009). Quorum sensing and the social evolution of bacterial virulence. Current Biology 19, 341-345. {Media}
  41. West, S.A. & Kiers, E.T. (2009) Evolution: what is an organism? Current Biology 19, R1080-R1082.

  42. Wild, G. & West, S.A. (2009) Genomic imprinting and sex allocation. American Naturalist 173, E1-E14.
  43. Wild, G., Gardner, A. & West, S.A. (2009) Adaptation and the evolution of parasite virulence in a connected world. Nature 459, 983-986. {Faculty of 1000} {Media} {Comment & reply}
  44. Burton-Chellew, M.N., Koevoets, T., Grillenberger, B.K, Sykes, E.M., Underwood, S.L., Bijlsma, K., Gadau, J., van de Zande, L., Beukeboom, L.W., West, S.A. & Shuker, D.M. (2008) Facultative sex ratio adjustment in natural populations of wasps: cues of local mate competition and the precision of adaptation. American Naturalist 172, 393-404.
  45. Cunningham, J.P. & West, S.A. (2008) Host plant variability influences the advantages to learning: a theoretical model for oviposition behaviour in Lepidoptera. Journal of Theoretical Biology 251, 404-410
  46. Killick, S.C., Obbard, D.J., West, S.A. & Little, T.J. (2008) Parasitism and breeding system variation in North American Daphnia pulex. Ecological Research 235-240.
  47. Meunier, J., West, S.A. & Chapuisat, M. (2008) Split sex ratios in the social Hymenoptera: a meta-analysis. Behavioral Ecology 19, 382-390.
  48. Moore, J.C., Reuter, C., West, S.A. & Cook, J.M. (2008) Male fighting strategies in two species of fig wasp. Animal Behaviour 76, 315-322.
  49. Pannebakker, B.A., Halligan, D.L., Reynolds, K.T., Ballantyne, G.A., Shuker, D.M., Barton, N. & West, S.A. (2008) Effects of spontaneous mutation accumulation on sex ratio traits in a parasitoid. Evolution 62, 1921-1935.
  50. Racey, D. & West, S.A. (2008) Evolution and the curriculum. Student BMJ 16, 148-149.
  51. Sykes, E.M., Innocent, T.M., Pen, I., Shuker, D.M. & West, S.A. (2008) Erratum - Asymmetric larval competition in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis: a role in sex allocation. Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology, 62, 853-854.
  52. West, S.A., Griffin, A.S. & Gardner, A. (2008) Social semantics: how useful has group selection been? Journal of Evolutionary Biology 21, 374-385. This was a reply to DS Wilson's comment on our 2007 Social Semantics review. {Media} {Faculty of 1000}
  53. Buckling, A., Harrison, F., Vos, M., Brockhurst, M.A., Gardner, A., West, S.A. & Griffin, A.S. (2007) Siderophore-mediated cooperation and virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 62, 135-141.
  54. Burton-Chellew, M.N., Beukeboom, L.W., West, S.A. & Shuker, D.M. (2007) Laboratory evolution of polyandry in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis. Animal Behaviour 74, 1147-1154.
  55. Burton-Chellew, M.N., Sykes, E.M., Patterson, S., Shuker, D.M. &West, S.A. (2007) The cost of mating and the relationship between body size and fitness in males of the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis. Evolutionary Ecology Research 9, 921-934.
  56. Diggle, S.P., Griffin, A.S., Campbell, G.S. & West. S.A. (2007) Cooperation and conflict in quorum-sensing bacterial populations. Nature 450, 411-414. {Media} {Making the paper} {Editorial} {Faculty of 1000} {Letter to Nature}
  57. Diggle, S.P., Gardner, A., West. S.A. & Griffin, A.S. (2007) Evolutionary theory of bacterial quorum sensing: when is a signal not a signal? Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society.
  58. Gardner, A. & West. S.A. (2007) Social evolution: decline and fall of genetic kin recognition. Current Biology 17, R810-R812. {Media}
  59. Gardner, A., West. S.A. & Barton, N.H. (2007) The relation between multilocus population genetics and social evolution theory. American Naturalist 169, 207-226.
  60. Gardner, A., West. S.A. & Griffin, A.S. (2007) Is bacterial persistence a social trait? PLOS One, 2(8), e752. {leave a comment}  {Media}
  61. Gardner, A., Hardy, I.C.W., Taylor, P.D. & West. S.A. (2007) Spiteful soldier production in polyembryonic parasitoid wasps. American Naturalist 169, 519-533.
  62. Guinnee, M.A., Gardner, A., Howard, A.E., West, S.A. & Little, T.J. (2007) The causes and consequences of variation in offspring size: a case study using Daphnia. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 20, 577-587.
  63. Reece, S.E., Innocent, T.M. & West, S.A. (2007) Lethal combat in the parasitoid Melitobia acasta: are size and competitive environment important? Animal Behaviour 74, 1163-1169.
  64. Innocent, T.M., Savage, J., West, S.A. & Reece, S.E. (2007) Lethal combat and sex ratio evolution in a parasitoid wasp. Behavioral Ecology, 18, 709-715.
  65. Lehmann, L., Keller, L., West, S.A. & Roze, D. (2007) Group selection and kin selection. Two concepts but one process. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA, 104, 6736-6739. This was a comment on the Traulsen & Nowak 2006 paper.
  66. Ross-Gillespie, A., Gardner, A., West, S.A. & Griffin, A.S. (2007) Frequency dependence and cooperation: theory and a test with bacteria. American Naturalist, 170, 331-342.
  67. Shuker, D.M., Philimore, A.J., Burton-Chellew, M., Hodge, S.E. & West, S.A. (2007) The quantitative genetic basis of polyandry in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis. Heredity 98, 69-73.
  68. Shuker, D.M., Reece, S.E., Lee, A. Graham, A., Duncan, A.B. & West, S.A. (2007). Information use in space and time: sex allocation behaviour in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis. Animal Behaviour, 73, 971-977.
  69. Sykes, E.M., Innocent, T.M., Pen, I., Shuker, D.M. & West, S.A. (2007) Asymmetric larval competition in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis: a role in sex allocation. Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology, 61, 1751-1758. {Erratum)
  70. West, S.A. (2007) Your top tables - Kebab Mahal. Waitrose Food Illustrated 93, 100.
  71. West, S.A., Griffin, A.S. & Gardner, A. (2007) Evolutionary explanations for cooperation. Current Biology, 17, R661-R672. Cover image. Higher resolution version of cover image.
  72. West, S.A., Griffin, A.S. & Gardner, A. (2007) Social semantics: altruism, cooperation, mutualism, strong reciprocity and group selection. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 20, 415-432.  {Faculty of 1000}
  73. West, S.A., Diggle, S.P., Buckling, A., Gardner, A. & Griffin, A.S. (2007) The social lives of microbes. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 38, 53-77.
  74. Wild, G. & West, S.A. (2007) A sex allocation theory for vertebrates: combining local resource competition and condition-dependent allocation. American Naturalist 170, E112-E128.
  75. Gardner, A. & West, S.A. (2006) Demography, altruism, and the benefits of budding. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 19, 1707-1716.
  76. Gardner, A. & West. S.A. (2006) Spite. Current Biology 16, R662-R664.
  77. Innocent, T.M. & West, S.A. (2006) Social evolution: cooperation by conflict. Current Biology. 16, R365-R367.
  78. Killick, S.C., Carlsson, A.M., West, S.A. & Little, T.J. (2006) Testing the pluralist approach to sex: the influence of environment on synergistic interactions between mutation load and parasitism in Daphnia magna. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 19, 1603-1611.
  79. Nee, S., Colegrave, N., West, S.A. & Grafen, A. (2006) Response to comment on “The illusion of invariant quantities in life-histories”. Science 312, 198c. This was a reply to Savage et al.'s comment on our invariant illusion 2005 paper.
  80. Shuker, D.M., Pen, I. & West, S.A (2006) Sex ratios under asymmetrical local mate competition in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis. Behavioral Ecology 17, 345-352.
  81. Shuker, D.M., Sykes, E.M., Browning, L.E., Beukeboom, L.W. & West, S.A. (2006) Male influence on sex allocation in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis. Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology 59, 829-835.
  82. West, S.A., Gardner, A., & Griffin, A.S. (2006) Altruism. Current Biology 16, R482-R483.
  83. West, S.A., Griffin, A.S., Gardner, A. & Diggle, S.P. (2006) Social evolution theory for microbes. Nature Reviews Microbiology 4, 597-607. About the cover. Cover image.
  84. West, S.A., Gardner, A., Shuker, D.M., Reynolds, T., Burton-Chellow, M., Sykes, E.M., Guinee, M.A. & Griffin, A.S. (2006) Cooperation and the scale of competition in humans. Current Biology 16, 1103-1106. {Current Biology Commentary}  {Media}
  85. Cook, J.M. & West, S.A. (2005) Figs and fig wasps. Current Biology 15, R978-R980.
  86. Gardner, A., Alsop, D.J., Charnov, E.L. & West, S.A. (2005) A dimensionless invariant for relative size at sex change in animals: explanation and implications. American Naturalist, 165, 551-566.
  87. Griffin, A.S., Sheldon, B.C. & West, S.A. (2005) Cooperative breeders adjust offspring sex ratios to produce helpful helpers. American Naturalist 166, 628-632.
  88. Guinnee, M.A., Bernal, J.S., Bezemer, T.M., Fidgen, J.G., Hardy, I.C.W., Mayhew P.J., Mills, N.J. & West, S.A. (2005) Testing predictions of small brood models using parasitoid wasps. Evolutionary Ecology Research 7, 779-794.
  89. Lopez-Vaamonde, C., Godfray, H.C.J., West, S.A., Hansson, C. & Cook, J.M. (2005) The evolution of host use and unusual reproductive strategies in Achrysocharoides parasitoid wasps. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 18, 1029-1041.
  90. Nee, S., Colegrave, N., West, S.A. & Grafen, A. (2005) The illusion of invariant quantities in life-histories. Science 309, 1236-1239 {Science perspective} {Media}
  91. Reece, S.E, Duncan, A.B., West, S.A. & Read, A.F. (2005) Host cell preference and variable transmission strategies in malaria parasites. Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B 272, 511-517.
  92. Rivero, A. & West, S.A. (2005) The costs of host feeding in parasitoids. Animal Behaviour 69, 1293-1301.
  93. Shuker, D.M., Pen, I., Duncan, A.B., Reece, S.E. & West, S.A. (2005) Sex ratios under asymmetrical local mate competition: theory and a test with parasitoid wasps. American Naturalist 166, 301-316.
  94. Sykes, E.M. & West, S.A. (2005) Evolution: Revenge of the clones! Current Biology 15, 547-548.
  95. West, S.A., Shuker, D.M. & Sheldon, B.C. (2005) Sex ratio adjustment when relatives interact: a test of constraints on adaptation. Evolution 59, 1211-1228. {PDF}
  96. West, S.A. (2005) Of bubbles, landscapes, and vines. Science, 308, 53-54.
  97. Allsop, D.J. & West, S.A. (2004) Changing sex at the same relative body size (reply). Nature, 428.
  98. Allsop, D.J. & West, S.A. (2004) Sex ratio evolution in sex changing animals. Evolution, 58, 1019-1027. {Supplementary Information}
  99. Allsop, D.J. & West, S.A. (2004) Sex allocation in the sex changing marine goby Coryphopterus personatus on atoll fringing reefs. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 6, 843-855.
  100. Gardner, A. & West, S.A. (2004) Spite among siblings. Science, 305, 1413-1414.
  101. Gardner, A. & West, S.A. (2004) Cooperation and punishment, especially in humans. American Naturalist, 164, 753-764.
  102. Gardner, A. & West, S.A. (2004) Spite and the scale of competition. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 17, 1195-1203.  {Media}
  103. Gardner, A., West, S.A. & Buckling, A. (2004) Bacteriocins, spite and virulence. Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B, 271, 1529-1535. {Science perspective}   {Media}
  104. Griffin, A.S., West, S.A. & Buckling, A. (2004) Cooperation and competition in pathogenic bacteria. Nature, 430, 1024-1027.  {Nature News & Views}  {Science perspective}  {Media}
  105. Guinnee, M.A. West, S.A. & Little, T.J. (2004) Testing small integer clutch size models with Daphnia. American Naturalist, 163, 880-887.
  106. Reece, S.E., Shuker, D.M., Pen, I. Duncan, A.B., Choudhary, A., Batchelor, C.M. & West, S.A. (2004) Kin discrimination and sex ratios in a parasitoid wasp. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 17, 208-216.
  107. Sheldon, B.C & West, S.A. (2004) Maternal Dominance, maternal condition, and offspring sex ratio in ungulate mammals. American Naturalist, 163, 40-54. {Supplementary Info}  {Media}
  108. Shuker, D.M. & West, S.A. (2004) Information constraints and the precision of adaptation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA, 101, 10363-10367. {Current Biology Commentary}  {Faculty of 100 Commentary}  
  109. Shuker, D.M., Reece, S.E., Whitehorn, P.R. & West, S.A. (2004) Sib-mating does not lead to facultative sex ratio adjustment in the parasitoid wasp, Nasonia vitripennis. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 6, 473-480.
  110. Shuker, D.M., Reece, S.E., Taylor, J. & West, S.A. (2004) Wasp sex ratios when females on a patch can be related. Animal Behaviour, 68, 331-336.
  111. Allsop, D.J. & West, S.A. (2003) Constant relative age and size at sex change in sequentially hermaphroditic
    fish
    . Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 16, 921-929.  {Planet Earth  Article}
  112. Allsop, D.J. & West, S.A. (2003) Changing sex at the same relative size body size. Nature, 425, 783-784. {Supplementary Info} {Media}
  113. Cunningham, J.P., Moore, C.J., Zalucki, M.P. & West, S.A. (2003) Learning, odour preference and flower foraging in moths. Journal of Experimental Biology, 207, 87-94.
  114. Denison, R.F., Kiers, E.T. & West, S.A. (2003) Darwinian agriculture: when can humans find solutions beyond the reach of natural selection? Quarterly Review of Biology, 78, 145-168.   {Darwinian Agriculture Homepage}
  115. Gardner, A., Reece, S.E. & West, S.A. (2003) Even more extreme fertility insurance and the sex ratios of protozoan blood parasites. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 223, 515-521.
  116. Griffin, A.S. & West, S.A. (2003) Kin discrimination and the benefit of helping in cooperatively breeding vertebrates. Science, 302, 634-636. {Media}
  117. Kiers, E.T., Rousseau, R.A., West, S.A. & Denison, R.F. (2003) Host sanctions and the legume-rhizobia mutualism. Nature, 425, 78-81. {Media}
  118. Reece, S.E., Duncan, A.B., West, S.A. & Read, A.F. (2003) Sex ratios in the rodent malaria parasite, Plasmodium chabaudi. Parasitology, 127, 419-425. {Supplementary Info}
  119. Rivero, A., Balloux, F. & West, S.A. (2003) Testing for epistasis between deleterious mutations in a parasitoid wasp. Evolution, 57, 1698-1703.
  120. West, S.A., Reece, S.E. & Read, A.F. (2003) Toxoplasma gondii, sex and premature rejection. Trends in Parasitology, 19, 155-157. {This was a reply to Ferguson 2002}
  121. West, S.A. & Buckling, A. (2003) Cooperation, virulence and siderophore production in bacterial parasites. Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B 270, 37-44.
  122. Griffin, A.S. & West, S.A. (2002) Kin selection: fact and fiction. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 17, 15-21.
  123. Kiers, E.T., West, S.A. & Denison, R.F. (2002) Mediating mutualisms: Farm management practises and evolutionary changes in symbiont cooperation. Journal of Applied Ecology, 39, 745-754.
  124. Nee, S., West, S.A. & Read, A.F. (2002) Inbreeding and parasite sex ratios. Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B. 269, 755-760.
  125. Reece, S.E., Broderick, A.C., Godley, B.J. & West, S.A. (2002) The effects of incubation environment, sex and pedigree on the hatchling phenotype in a natural population of loggerhead turtles. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 4, 737-748.
  126. Rivero, A. & West, S.A. (2002) The physiological cost of being small in a parasitic wasp. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 4, 407-420.
  127. Rokas, A., Atkinson, R.J., Nieves-Aldrey, J-L., West, S.A. & Stone, G.N. (2002) The incidence and diversity of Wolbachia in gallwasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) on oak. Molecular Ecology, 11, 1815-1829.
  128. West, S.A. & Cunningham, J.P. (2002) A general model for host plant selection in phytophagous insects. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 214, 499-513.
  129. West, S.A. & Sheldon, B.C. (2002) Constraints in the evolution of sex ratio adjustment. Science, 295, 1685-1688. {TREE commentary} {Supplementary Information
  130. West, S.A., Pen, I. Griffin, A.S. (2002) Cooperation and competition between relatives. Science, 296, 72-75. {Supplementary Information
  131. West, S.A., Reece, S.E. & Sheldon, B.C. (2002) Sex Ratios. Heredity, 88, 117-124.
  132. West, S.A., Kiers, E.T., Pen, I. & Denison, R.F. (2002) Sanctions and mutualism stability: when should less beneficial mutualists be tolerated? Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 15, 830-837.
  133. West, S.A., Kiers, E.T., Simms, E.L. & Denison, R.F. (2002) Sanctions and mutualism stability: why do rhizobia fix Nitrogen? Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B, 269, 685-694.
  134. West, S.A., Smith, T.G., Nee, S. & Read, A.F. (2002) Fertility insurance and the sex ratios of malaria and related hemospororin blood parasites. Journal of Parasitology, 88, 258-263.
  135. Cunningham, J.P., West, S.A. & Zalucki, M.P. (2001) Host Selection in Phytophagous Insects: a new explanation for learning in adults. Oikos,95, 537-543.
  136. Rokas, A., Atkinson, R.J., Brown, G.S., West, S.A. & Stone, G.N. (2001) Does Wolbachia have any effect on the phylogeographic history of the oak gallwasp Biorhiza pallida? Heredity, 87, 294-304.
  137. Weiblen, G.D., Yu, D.W. & West, S.A. (2001) Pollination and parasitism in functionally dioecious figs. Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B. 268, 651-659.
  138. West, S.A., Flanagan, K.E. & Godfray, H.C.J. (2001) Variable host quality, life-history invariants and the reproductive strategy of a parasitoid wasp that produces single sex broods. Behavioral Ecology, 5, 577-583.
  139. West, S.A., Reece, S.E. & Read, A.F. (2001) The evolution of gametocyte sex ratios in malaria and related apicomplexan (protozoan) parasites. Trends in Parasitology, 17, 525-531.
  140. West, S.A., Gemmill, A.W., Graham, A., Viney, M.E. & Read, A.F. (2001) Immune stress and facultative sex in a parasitic nematode. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 14, 333-337.
  141. West, S.A., Murray, M.G, Machado, C., Griffin, A.S. & Herre, E.A. (2001) Testing Hamilton’s rule with competition between relatives. Nature, 409, 510-513. {TREE commentary}  {Media}
  142. Pickering, J., Read, A.F., Guerrero, S. & West, S.A. (2000) Sex ratio and virulence in two species of lizard malaria parasites. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 2, 171-184.
  143. West, S.A. & Peters, A. (2000) Paying for sex is not easy. Nature, 407, 962. This was a comment on the Doncaster et al 2000 paper (their reply was rejected).
  144. West, S.A. & Rivero, A. (2000) Using sex ratios to estimate what limits reproduction in parasitoids. Ecological Letters, 3, 294-299.
  145. West, S.A., Herre, E.A. & Sheldon, B.C. (2000) The benefits of allocating sex. Science, 290, 288-290.
  146. West, S.A., Smith, T.G. & Read, A.F. (2000) Sex allocation and population structure in Apicomplexan (protozoa) parasites. Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B, 267, 257-264.
  147. Cunningham, J.P., Zalucki, M. P. & West, S.A. (1999) Learning in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): a new look at the behaviour and control of a polyphagous pest. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 89, 201-207.
  148. Hurst, G.D.D., Jiggins, F.M., von der Schulenburg, J.H.G., Bertrand, D., West, S.A., Goriacheva, I.I., Zakharov, I.A., Werren, J.H., Stouthamer, R. & Majerus, M.E.N. (1999) Male-killing Wolbachia in two species of insect. Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B, 266, 735-740.
  149. Martins, R.P., Antonini, Y., de Silveira, F.A., & West, S.A. (1999) Seasonal variation in the sex allocation of a neotropical bee. Behavioral Ecology, 10, 401-408.
  150. West, S.A., Flanagan, K.E. & Godfray, H.C.J. (1999) Sex allocation and clutch size in parasitoid wasps that produce single sex broods. Animal Behaviour, 57, 265-275.
  151. West, S.A., Lively, C.M. & Read, A.F. (1999) A pluralist approach to sex and recombination. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 12, 1003-1012. {PDF of paper & all commentaries}
  152. West, S.A., Lively, C.M. & Read, A.F. (1999) Sex may need more than one. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 12, 1053-1055.
  153. Cunningham, J.P., West, S.A. & Wright, D.J. (1998) Learning in the nectar foraging behaviour of Helicoverpa armigera. Ecological Entomology, 23, 363-369.
  154. Flanagan, K.E., West, S.A. & Godfray, H.C.J. (1998) Local mate competition, variable fecundity, and information use in a parasitoid. Animal Behaviour, 56, 191-198.
  155. Gemmill, A. W. & West, S.A. (1998) Influence of rat strain on patterns of larval production by the parasitic nematode Strongyloides ratti. Journal of Parasitology, 84, 1289-1291.
  156. West, S.A. & Herre, E.A. (1998) Stabilizing selection and variance in fig wasp sex ratios. Evolution, 52, 475-485.
  157. West, S.A. & Herre, E.A. (1998) Partial local mate competition and the sex ratio: a study on non-pollinating fig wasps. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 11, 531-548.  {TREE commentary}
  158. West, S.A., Peters, A.D. & Barton, N.H. (1998) Testing for epistasis between deleterious mutations. Genetics. 149, 435-444.
  159. West, S.A., Cook, J.M., Werren, J.H. & Godfray, H.C.J. (1998) Wolbachia in two insect host-parasitoid communities. Molecular Ecology, 7, 1457-1465.
  160. West, S.A., Compton, S.G., Vincent, S.L., Herre, E.A. & Cook, J.M. (1998) Virginity in haplodiploid populations: a comparison of estimation methods. Ecological Entomology, 23, 207-210.
  161. Cook, J.M., Compton, S.G., Herre, E.A. & West, S.A. (1997) Alternative mating tactics and extreme male dimorphism in fig wasps. Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B, 264, 747-754.
  162. Herre, E.A. & West, S.A. (1997) Conflict of interest in a mutualism: documenting the elusive fig wasp/seed trade-off. Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B, 264, 1501-1507.
  163. West, S.A. & Godfray, H.C.J. (1997) Sex ratio strategies after perturbation of the stable age distribution. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 186, 213-221.
  164. West, S.A., Herre, E.A.,  Compton, S.G., Godfray, H.C.J. & Cook, J.M. (1997) A comparative study of virginity in fig wasps. Animal Behaviour, 54, 437-450.
  165. West, S.A., Flanagan, K.E. & Godfray, H.C.J. (1996) The relationship between parasitoid size and fitness in the field, a study of Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Journal of Animal Ecology, 65, 631-639.
  166. West, S.A., Herre, E.A., Windsor, D.W. & Green, P.R.S. (1996) The ecology and evolution of the New World non-pollinating fig wasp communities. Journal of Biogeography, 23, 447-458.
  167. West, S.A. & Herre, E.A. (1994) The ecology of the New World fig-parasitising wasps Idarnes and implications for the evolution of the fig-pollinator mutualism. Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B, 258, 67-72.


EDITED VOLUMES

  1. Clutton-Brock, T., West, S.A., Ratnieks, F. & Foley, R. (2009) The evolution of society. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London B. 364 (1533, Theme Issue). Journal Cover. Journal website with all papers. Introduction to the issue. Our contribution.


BOOK CHAPTERS

  1. Gardner, A., Griffin, A.S. & West, S.A. (In press) Altruism and cooperation. In: Evolutionary Behavioral Ecology (ed. by C. Fox & D. Westneat).
  2. Diggle, S.P., West. S.A., Gardner, A. & Griffin, A.S. (2008) Communication in bacteria. In: Communication among Social Organisms (ed. by P. D’Ettorre and D. Hughes), pp. 11-31, Oxford University Press.
  3. Kiers, E.T., West, S.A. & R.F. Denison (2008) Sanctions and the evolution of cooperation in the legume-rhizobia symbiosis. In: Nitrogen Fixation: Origin, Applications and Research Progress (ed. By M.J. Dilworth, E.K. James, J.I. Sprent & W.E. Newton), pp. 59-76. Springer Netherlands.
  4. West, S.A., Gardner, A. & Griffin, A.S. (2008) Kinship and social behaviour. In: Foundations of Evolutionary Psychology: Ideas, Issues and Applications (ed. by C. Crawford and D. Krebs), pp. 91-114, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  5. Read, A.F., Smith, T.G. Nee, S. & West, S.A. (2002) Sex ratios of malaria parasites and related protozoa, pp 314-332. In Sex ratios: concepts and research methods (ed. by I.C.W. Hardy). Cambridge University Press.
  6. West, S.A. & Herre, E.A. (2002) Using sex ratios: why bother? pp. 399-413. In Sex ratios: concepts and research methods (ed. by I.C.W. Hardy). Cambridge University Press.
  7. Herre, E.A., Machado, C. & West, S.A. (2001) Selective regime and fig wasp sex ratios: towards sorting rigor from pseudo-rigor in tests of adaptation, pp. 191-218. In Adaptation and Optimality (ed. by S. Orzack and E. Sober). Cambridge University Press
  8. Herre, E.A., West, S.A., Cook, J.M., Compton, S.G. & Kjellberg, F. (1997) Fig wasp mating systems: pollinators and parasites, sex ratio adjustment and male polymorphism, population structure and its consequences, pp.226-239.  In Social Competition and Cooperation in Insects and  Arachnids. Volume I: The Evolution of Mating Systems (ed. by J. Choe and B. Crespi). Cambridge University Press


ENCYCLOPEDIA ENTRIES

  1. Gardner A., Griffin A.S. & West S.A. (2009) Theory of cooperation. Encyclopedia of life sciences. John Wiley & Sons.
  2. Sheldon, B. C. & West, S. A. (2002) Sex ratios. In Encyclopedia of Evolution (ed. By M. Pagel), pp. 1040-1044, Oxford University Press.
  3. West, S. A. (2002) Sex. In Encyclopedia of Evolution (ed. By M. Pagel), pp. 1022-1030, Oxford University Press.
  4. West, S. A. (2001) Sex ratios. In Encyclopedia of Genetics (ed. By S. Brenner & J. Miller), pp. 1820-1821. Academic Press.
  5. West, S. A. (2001) Parasitoids. In Encyclopedia of Life Sciences. Nature Publishing Group, London.

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